adverbial clause

An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb. In other words, it contains a subject (explicit or implied) and a predicate, and it modifies a verb. I saw Joe when I went to the store. (explicit subject I) He sat quietly in order to appear polite. (implied subject he) According to Sidney Greenbaum and Randolph Quirk, adverbial clauses function mainly as adjuncts or disjuncts. In these functions they are like adverbial phrases, but due to their potentiality for greater explicitness, they are more often like prepositional phrases (Greenbaum and Quirk,1990): We left after the speeches ended. (adverbial clause) We left after the end of the speeches. (adverbial prepositional phrase) Contrast adverbial clauses with adverbial phrases, which do not contain a clause. I like to fly kites for fun. Adverbial clauses modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. For example: Hardly had I reached the station when the train started to leave the platform. The adverbial clause in this sentence is "when the train started to leave the platform" because it is a subordinate clause and because it has the trigger word (subordinate conjunction) "when".				Definition
	An adverbial clause is a clause that has an adverb-like function in modifying another clause.

Discussion
	An adverbial clause is likely to be distinct in its syntax or verb morphology.

Example (English)
	He kept quiet in order to avoid trouble.

Generic
	An adverbial clause is a kind of
	What is a clause? What is a subordinate clause?

Sources
	Hartmann and Stork 1972 6
	Pei and Gaynor 1954 7
	Thompson and Longacre 1985 171–172, 177
	Crystal 1980 61

Context for this page:

• Concept module: adverbial clause
• In overview module: Glossary (Linguistics): A
• In modular book: Glossary of linguistic terms, by Eugene E. Loos (general editor), Susan Anderson (editor), Dwight H., Day, Jr. (editor), Paul C. Jordan (editor), and J. Douglas Wingate (editor)
• In bookshelf: Linguistics

This page is an extract from the LinguaLinks Library, Version 5.0 published on CD-ROM by SIL International, 2003. [Ordering information.]
Page content last modified: 5 January 2004